Profiles of educators     

Krishna Kumar  Serge Wagner  Ananda W. P. Guruge  Miguel Soler Roca  Francisco Gomes de Matos 《Prospects》1989,19(4):591-619

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Āryabhata and axial rotation of Earth     

Amartya Kumar Dutta 《Resonance》2006,11(3):51-68

Āryabhata (born 476 CE) is regarded as a pioneer of mathematical astronomy in ancient India. In this three-part article, I shall discuss one important contribution of Āryabhata in astronomy involving the least technical background —the principle of axial rotation (Part 1) and computations on the sidereal day (Part 2). Portions of 4 verses, pertaining to Earth’s rotation, from his famous treatise Āryabhatīya will be quoted. In Part 3, I shall give a brief historical account on the concept of axial rotation of Earth.  相似文献   

Gender contentedness in aspirations to become engineers or medical doctors     

Ravinder Koul  Thanita Lerdpornkulrat  Chanut Poondej 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2017,42(6):1422-1438

Medical doctor and engineer are highly esteemed STEM professions. This study investigates academic and motivational characteristics of a sample of high school students in Thailand who aspire to become medical doctors or engineers. We used logistic regression to compare maths performance, gender typicality, gender contentedness, and maths and physics self-concepts among students with aspirations for these two professions. We found that high levels of felt gender contentedness in men had positive association with aspirations for engineering irrespective of the levels of maths or physics self-concept. We found that high levels of felt gender contentedness combined with high levels of maths or physics self-concept in women had positive associations with aspirations to become a medical doctor. These findings are evidence that student views of self are associated with uneven gendered patterns in career aspirations and have implications for the potential for future participation.  相似文献   

Mathematics in ancient India     

Amartya Kumar Dutta 《Resonance》2002,7(4):4-19

In this series of articles, we intend to have a glimpse of some of the landmarks in ancient Indian mathematics with special emphasis on number theory. This issue features a brief overview of some of the high peaks of mathematics in ancient India. In the next part we shall describe Aryabhata’s general solution in integers of the equationax -by =c. In subsequent instalments we shall discuss in some detail two of the major contributions by Indians in number theory. The climax of the Indian achievements in algebra and number theory was their development of the ingeniouschakravala method for solving, in integers, the equation x² -Dy² = 1, erroneously known as the Pell equation. We shall later describe the partial solution of Brahmagupta and then the complete solution due to Jayadeva and Bhaskaracharya.  相似文献   

Trends in computer applications in science assessment     

David D. Kumar  Stanley L. Helgeson 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1995,4(1):29-36

Seven computer applications to science assessment are reviewed. Conventional test administration includes record keeping, grading, and managing test banks. Multiple-choice testing involves forced selection of an answer from a menu, whereas constructed-response testing involves options for students to present their answers within a set standard deviation. Adaptive testing attempts to individualize the test to minimize the number of items and time needed to assess a student's knowledge. Figurai response testing assesses science proficiency in pictorial or graphic mode and requires the student to construct a mental image rather than selecting a response from a multiple choice menu. Simulations have been found useful for performance assessment on a large-scale basis in part because they make it possible to independently specify different aspects of a real experiment. An emerging approach to performance assessment is solution pathway analysis, which permits the analysis of the steps a student takes in solving a problem. Virtually all computer-based testing systems improve the quality and efficiency of record keeping and data analysis.  相似文献   

The cultural construction of home and school knowledge in tribal India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Avinash Kumar Singh 《Prospects》1995,25(4):735-747

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Alfred Wegener—From continental drift to plate tectonics     

A F Saigeetha  Ravinder Kumar Banyal 《Resonance》2005,10(6):43-59

What is the nature of the force or mechanism that moves massive continents thousands of miles across? What causes violent earthquakes to displace huge landmasses abruptly? How could great mountain ranges like Himalayas and Alps rise to such incredible heights? What makes earth's interior so restless? Answers to some of these questions may lie in understanding the Earth's interior itself.  相似文献   

Effect of computer interfaces on chemistry problem solving among various ethnic groups: A comparison of Pen-Point and Powerbook computers     

David D. Kumar  Stanley L. Helgeson 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1996,5(2):121-130

This study investigated the effect of Pen-Point and Powerbook computers on solving a multiple step chemistry (molaritý) problem among White, Afro-American and Hispanic students (N=60) at the high school level. The screens on both computers were partitioned into a work field and a reasoning field. Both computers were programmed to record the time spent in each field, the number of entries made, and a copy of the entries made. Statistical analysis of data showed that more of the White and Afro-American Pen-Point computer users solved the problem correctly than did students using the Powerbook computer. All three ethnic groups made fewer entries, and took less time using the Pen-Point computer than the Powerbook. Attitude survey results of all ethnic groups showed that more Pen-Point computer users felt comfortable working with computers. Over all, the results suggest that the Pen-Point computer has a more positive effect on the problem solving performance and attitude of students towards computers than the Powerbook computer.  相似文献   

Computer Technology,Science Education,and Students with Learning Disabilities     

Kumar  David  Wilson  Cynthia L. 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1997,6(2):155-160

The ways computer technology could be used to teach science to students with learning disabilities (LD) are explored. Science is for all students and that includes students with LD. Learning science has both cognitive and affective implications for students with LD. In this context, computer technology provides cognitively engaging and motivating instructional tools for individualizing the mode of delivery; developing expert tutors; anchoring instruction; integrating science with other subjects; reducing cognitive load on working memory; and motivating students to stay on task. These applications are discussed with implications for teaching science to students with LD.  相似文献   

Complementary Approaches to Evaluation of Technology in Science Education     

David D. Kumar  James W. Altschuld 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2002,11(2):179-191

An interesting and relevant case involving two distinct systematic evaluations, traditional as well as somewhat nontraditional, of a science teacher education project with a heavy technology emphasis is discussed. Comparisons of the two separate evaluations of the same project revealed the complexity of evaluating technology projects and the multifaceted ways in which the evaluation endeavor could be approached, and provided an unusual situation and seldom seen opportunity for thinking about such evaluations. Additionally, what some other authors have said about the evaluations of efforts that take advantage of technology in the training of science teachers will also be explored. Evaluators must become active players in guiding the infusion of technology in preservice science programs. If evaluators, don't function to identify what works and what doesn't and what induces the best supportive environment, then who will?  相似文献